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Who Should Go Easy on Caffeine: The Anxiety Data

This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the acute effects of caffeine on panic attacks and anxiety in patients with panic disorder versus healthy controls. Results show that caffeine at doses equivalent to 5 cups of coffee induces panic attacks in over half of panic disorder patients compared to only 1.7% of healthy controls, with increased anxiety sensitivity observed in the patient group.

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Summary

This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the acute effects of caffeine on panic attacks and anxiety in patients with panic disorder versus healthy controls. Results show that caffeine at doses equivalent to 5 cups of coffee induces panic attacks in over half of panic disorder patients compared to only 1.7% of healthy controls, with increased anxiety sensitivity observed in the patient group.

Tags

caffeine · panic-disorder · anxiety · meta-analysis · placebo-controlled · dose-response

Key entities

panic disorder (concept, 0.99) · caffeine challenge (concept, 0.98) · anxiety (concept, 0.99) · placebo-controlled study (concept, 0.97) · meta-analysis (technology, 0.98) · PROSPERO (organization, 0.95) · dose-response relationship (concept, 0.96)

Classification

analysis · language en · status final

Provenance

claude-haiku-4-5 via @stacklist/mcp-server@2.0.0, confidence 0.85, 2 Nov 2026